1971 Swadesh list
1971 Swadesh list
Number, English word and Comment taken from English Wikipedia [1] compiled by Hans J. Holm 2011-04-20.
| No. | English word | Comment | Wikidata Q | WOLD |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | Pers.Pron.1.Sg. | 49404 | 2.91 |
| 2 | You | 2.sg! 1952 thou & ye | {{{2}}} | 2.92 |
| 3 | we | 1955: inclusive | {{{2}}} | 2.941 |
| 4 | this | {{{2}}} | 24.07 | |
| 5 | that | {{{2}}} | 24.08 | |
| 6 | who? | “?” not 1971 | {{{2}}} | |
| 7 | what? | “?” not 1971 | {{{2}}} | |
| 8 | not | {{{2}}} | ||
| 9 | all | of a number | {{{2}}} | 13.14 |
| 10 | many | {{{2}}} | 13.15 | |
| 11 | one | {{{2}}} | 13.01 | |
| 12 | two | {{{2}}} | 13.02 | |
| 13 | big | {{{2}}} | 12.55 | |
| 14 | long | not 'wide' | {{{2}}} | 12.57 |
| 15 | small | {{{2}}} | 12.56 | |
| 16 | woman | 467 | 2.22 | |
| 17 | man | adult male human | 8441 | 2.21 |
| 18 | person | individual human | {{{2}}} | 2.1 |
| 19 | fish | noun | 152 | 3.65 |
| 20 | bird | 5113 | 3.581 | |
| 21 | dog | 144 | 3.61 | |
| 22 | louse | 6481228 | 3.99924 | |
| 23 | tree | not log | 10884 | 8.6 |
| 24 | seed | noun! | {{{2}}} | 8.311 |
| 25 | leaf | botanics | {{{2}}} | 8.56 |
| 26 | root | botanics | {{{2}}} | 8.54 |
| 27 | bark | of tree | {{{2}}} | 8.75 |
| 28 | skin | 1952: person’s | {{{2}}} | 4.12 |
| 29 | flesh | 1952 meat, flesh | {{{2}}} | 4.13 flesh, 5.61 meat |
| 30 | blood | {{{2}}} | 4.15 | |
| 31 | bone | {{{2}}} | 4.16 | |
| 32 | grease | 1952: fat, organic substance | {{{2}}} | |
| 33 | egg | {{{2}}} | 5.97 | |
| 34 | horn | of bull etc., not 1952*7 | {{{2}}} | |
| 35 | tail | {{{2}}} | ||
| 36 | feather | large, not down | {{{2}}} | |
| 37 | hair | on head of humans | {{{2}}} | |
| 38 | head | anatomic | {{{2}}} | |
| 39 | ear | {{{2}}} | ||
| 40 | eye | {{{2}}} | ||
| 41 | nose | {{{2}}} | ||
| 42 | mouth | {{{2}}} | ||
| 43 | tooth | front, rather than molar | {{{2}}} | |
| 44 | tongue | anatomical | {{{2}}} | |
| 45 | claw | not in 1952*6 | {{{2}}} | |
| 46 | foot | not leg | {{{2}}} | |
| 47 | knee | not 1952*5 | 37425 | |
| 48 | hand | 33767 | ||
| 49 | belly | lower part of body, abdomen | {{{2}}} | |
| 50 | neck | not nape! | {{{2}}} | |
| 51 | breasts | female; 1955 still breast*8 | {{{2}}} | |
| 52 | heart | 1072 | ||
| 53 | liver | {{{2}}} | ||
| 54 | drink | verb | {{{2}}} | |
| 55 | eat | verb | {{{2}}} | |
| 56 | bite | verb | {{{2}}} | |
| 57 | see | verb | {{{2}}} | |
| 58 | hear | verb | {{{2}}} | |
| 59 | know | facts | {{{2}}} | |
| 60 | sleep | verb | {{{2}}} | |
| 61 | die | verb | {{{2}}} | |
| 62 | kill | verb | {{{2}}} | |
| 63 | swim | verb | {{{2}}} | |
| 64 | fly | verb | {{{2}}} | |
| 65 | walk | verb | {{{2}}} | |
| 66 | come | verb | {{{2}}} | |
| 67 | lie | on side, recline | {{{2}}} | |
| 68 | sit | verb | {{{2}}} | |
| 69 | stand | verb | {{{2}}} | |
| 70 | give | verb | {{{2}}} | |
| 71 | say | verb*1 | {{{2}}} | |
| 72 | sun | {{{2}}} | ||
| 73 | moon | not 1952*2 | {{{2}}} | |
| 74 | star | {{{2}}} | ||
| 75 | water | noun | {{{2}}} | 1.31 |
| 76 | rain | noun, 1952 verb | {{{2}}} | 1.75 |
| 77 | stone | {{{2}}} | 1.44 | |
| 78 | sand | opposite to following | {{{2}}} | 1.215 |
| 79 | earth | =soil | {{{2}}} | 1.212 |
| 80 | cloud | not fog | {{{2}}} | 1.73 |
| 81 | smoke | noun, of fire | {{{2}}} | |
| 82 | fire | {{{2}}} | ||
| 83 | ash(es) | {{{2}}} | ||
| 84 | burn | verb intr.! | {{{2}}} | |
| 85 | path | 1952 road, trail; not street | {{{2}}} | |
| 86 | mountain | not hill | 8502 | |
| 87 | red | colour | 3142 | |
| 88 | green | colour | 3133 | |
| 89 | yellow | colour | 943 | |
| 90 | white | colour | 23444 | |
| 91 | black | colour | 23445 | |
| 92 | night | 575 | ||
| 93 | hot | adjective; 1952 warm, of weather | {{{2}}} | |
| 94 | cold | of weather | {{{2}}} | |
| 95 | full | *4 | {{{2}}} | |
| 96 | new | {{{2}}} | ||
| 97 | good | {{{2}}} | ||
| 98 | round | not 1952*3 | {{{2}}} | |
| 99 | dry | substance! | {{{2}}} | |
| 100 | name | 82799 |
Note *6 "Claw" was only added in 1955, but again replaced by many well-known specialists with (finger)nail, because expressions for "claw" are not available in many old, died-out, or lesser known languages.