1971 Swadesh list

1971 Swadesh list

Number, English word and Comment taken from English Wikipedia [1] compiled by Hans J. Holm 2011-04-20.

No.	English word	Comment	Wikidata Q
1	I	Pers.Pron.1.Sg.	49404
2	You	2.sg! 1952 thou & ye	{{{2}}}
3	we	1955: inclusive	{{{2}}}
4	this		{{{2}}}
5	that		{{{2}}}
6	who?	“?” not 1971	{{{2}}}
7	what?	“?” not 1971	{{{2}}}
8	not		{{{2}}}
9	all	of a number	{{{2}}}
10	many		{{{2}}}
11	one		{{{2}}}
12	two		{{{2}}}
13	big		{{{2}}}
14	long	not 'wide'	{{{2}}}
15	small		{{{2}}}
16	woman		467
17	man	adult male human	8441
18	person	individual human	{{{2}}}
19	fish	noun	152
20	bird		5113
21	dog		144
22	louse		6481228
23	tree	not log	10884
24	seed	noun!	{{{2}}}
25	leaf	botanics	{{{2}}}
26	root	botanics	{{{2}}}
27	bark	of tree	{{{2}}}
28	skin	1952: person’s	{{{2}}}
29	flesh	1952 meat, flesh	{{{2}}}
30	blood		{{{2}}}
31	bone		{{{2}}}
32	grease	1952: fat, organic substance	{{{2}}}
33	egg		{{{2}}}
34	horn	of bull etc., not 1952*7	{{{2}}}
35	tail		{{{2}}}
36	feather	large, not down	{{{2}}}
37	hair	on head of humans	{{{2}}}
38	head	anatomic	{{{2}}}
39	ear		{{{2}}}
40	eye		{{{2}}}
41	nose		{{{2}}}
42	mouth		{{{2}}}
43	tooth	front, rather than molar	{{{2}}}
44	tongue	anatomical	{{{2}}}
45	claw	not in 1952*6	{{{2}}}
46	foot	not leg	{{{2}}}
47	knee	not 1952*5	37425
48	hand		33767
49	belly	lower part of body, abdomen	{{{2}}}
50	neck	not nape!	{{{2}}}
51	breasts	female; 1955 still breast*8	{{{2}}}
52	heart		1072
53	liver		{{{2}}}
54	drink	verb	{{{2}}}
55	eat	verb	{{{2}}}
56	bite	verb	{{{2}}}
57	see	verb	{{{2}}}
58	hear	verb	{{{2}}}
59	know	facts	{{{2}}}
60	sleep	verb	{{{2}}}
61	die	verb	{{{2}}}
62	kill	verb	{{{2}}}
63	swim	verb	{{{2}}}
64	fly	verb	{{{2}}}
65	walk	verb	{{{2}}}
66	come	verb	{{{2}}}
67	lie	on side, recline	{{{2}}}
68	sit	verb	{{{2}}}
69	stand	verb	{{{2}}}
70	give	verb	{{{2}}}
71	say	verb*1	{{{2}}}
72	sun		{{{2}}}
73	moon	not 1952*2	{{{2}}}
74	star		{{{2}}}
75	water	noun	{{{2}}}
76	rain	noun, 1952 verb	{{{2}}}
77	stone		{{{2}}}
78	sand	opposite to following	{{{2}}}
79	earth	=soil	{{{2}}}
80	cloud	not fog	{{{2}}}
81	smoke	noun, of fire	{{{2}}}
82	fire		{{{2}}}
83	ash(es)		{{{2}}}
84	burn	verb intr.!	{{{2}}}
85	path	1952 road, trail; not street	{{{2}}}
86	mountain	not hill	8502
87	red	colour	3142
88	green	colour	3133
89	yellow	colour	943
90	white	colour	23444
91	black	colour	23445
92	night		575
93	hot	adjective; 1952 warm, of weather	{{{2}}}
94	cold	of weather	{{{2}}}
95	full	*4	{{{2}}}
96	new		{{{2}}}
97	good		{{{2}}}
98	round	not 1952*3	{{{2}}}
99	dry	substance!	{{{2}}}
100	name		82799

Note *6 "Claw" was only added in 1955, but again replaced by many well-known specialists with (finger)nail, because expressions for "claw" are not available in many old, died-out, or lesser known languages.