Interskript
https://interlinguist.info/interskript/
Overview
Interskript includes a bijective mapping of 26 internationally most common letters to 26 common phones which in IPA are represented by a single character.
The mapping allows for a
- common pronunciation of internationally established written forms of scientific names for
- chemical elements (e.g. Yttrium)
- taxons (e.g. Moschidae)
- common spelling of internationally established broadly similar pronunciations of names for
- persons (e.g. Pjotr Iljitc Tcajkovskij, Dqusepe Fortunino Frantcesko Verdi, Johan Zebastjan Bax)
- places (e.g. Tcomolungma, Tcile, Canghai).
Specification
Character inventory
All 52 characters of the "Lowercase Latin alphabet" and the "Uppercase Latin alphabet" as defined in "C0 Controls and Basic Latin" of Unicode.
Phoneme inventory
Consonant inventory
Bilabial | Labio- dental |
Alveolar | Post- alveolar |
Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | ||||||||||||
Stop | p | b | t | d | k | g | ||||||||
Fricative | f | v | s | z | /ʃ/ ‹c› | /ʒ/ ‹q› | x | h | ||||||
Trill | r | |||||||||||||
Approximant | (w) | l | j | (w) | ||||||||||
|
Vowel inventory
Front | Central | Back | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Close | i | u | ||||
Mid | e | /ə/ ‹y› | o | |||
Open | a | |||||
|
Character-phoneme mapping
An uppercase character represents the same phoneme as the corresponding lowercase character.
To have a bijective mapping only one set - uppercase or lowercase - has to be used.
System | Characters | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Phoneme (IPA) | a | b | ʃ | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | ʒ | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | ə | z |
Interskript (lowercase) | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z |
Interskript (uppercase) | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z |
Short notation
Since Interskript in regular form does not use diacritic signs the latter can be used to record vowels above consonants.
Letter | Diacritic | Unicode number | Name of diacritic |
---|---|---|---|
a | ◌̂ | U+0302 | COMBINING CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT |
e | ◌́ | U+0301 | COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT |
i | ◌̇ | U+0307 | COMBINING DOT ABOVE |
o | ◌̊ | U+030A | COMBINING RING ABOVE |
u | ◌̌ | U+030C | COMBINING CARON |
y | ◌̀ | U+0300 | COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT |
Transformation
Character set specific
System | ISO 15924 (alphabetic) |
ISO 15924 (numeric) |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
IPA | Latn | 215 | a | b | ʃ | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | ʒ | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | ə | z | |
Interskript (uppercase) | Latn | 215 | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | (0041--005A) |
Interskript (lowercase) | Latn | 215 | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | (0061--007A) |
Interskript (uppercase) | Cyrl | 220 | А | Б | Ш | Д | Е | Ф | Г | Ъ | И | Й | К | Л | М | Н | О | П | Ж | Р | С | Т | У | В | Ь | Х | Ы | З | (0410--042C) not to be used: Ц Ч Щ |
Interskript (lowercase) | Cyrl | 220 | а | б | ш | д | е | ф | г | ъ | и | й | к | л | м | н | о | п | ж | р | с | т | у | в | ь | х | ы | з | (0610--062C) not to be used: ц ч щ |
Interskript (uppercase) | Grek | 200 | Α | Β | - | Δ | Ε | Φ | Γ | - | Η | Ι | Κ | Λ | Μ | Ν | Ο | Π | - | Ρ | Σ | Τ | Υ | - | - | Χ | - | Ζ | |
Interskript (lowercase) | Grek | 200 | α | β | - | δ | ε | φ | γ | - | η | ι | κ | λ | μ | ν | ο | π | - | ρ | σ | τ | υ | - | - | χ | - | ζ | |
Interskript | Hebr | 125 | א | בּ | ש | ד | - | פ | ג | ה | - | י | כּ | ל | מ | נ | - | פּ | - | ר | ס | תּ | - | ב | ו | כ | - | - | |
Interskript | Shaw | 281 | a | 𐑚 | 𐑖 | 𐑛 | e | 𐑓 | 𐑜 | 𐑣 | i | 𐑘 | 𐑒 | 𐑤 | 𐑥 | 𐑯 | o | 𐑐 | 𐑠 | 𐑮 | 𐑕 | 𐑑 | u | 𐑝 | 𐑢 | 𐑙 | 𐑩 | 𐑟 | to do : a e i o u; ! 𐑙 is not ng |
Interskript | Hang | 286 | ㅏ | ㅂ | c | ㄷ | ㅓ | f | ㄱ | ㅎ | ㅣ | - | ㅋ | ㄹ | ㅁ | ㄴ | ㅗ | ㅍ | q | - | ㅅ | ㅌ | ㅜ | - | - | - | ㅡ | ㅿ |
Language specific
Color | Character set | Character pronunciation in IPA | Character pronunciation in Interskript | Character set of IPA charactor for the phoneme | Phoneme |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
not "Basic Latin" | |||||
"Basic Latin" | different | different |
|
| |
"Basic Latin" | different | different | not "Basic Latin" | the IPA pronunciation of the character is not used as a phoneme, pronouncing as in IPA would distinguish it from all other used phonemes | |
"Basic Latin" | different | same | not "Basic Latin" | the IPA pronunciation of the character is not used as a phoneme, pronouncing as in IPA would distinguish it from all other used phonemes | |
none | none | none | none | none | |
"Basic Latin" | same | same | "Basic Latin" |
ISO 639-3 | System | Year | Characters | Interskript characters not used |
Interskript phonems not coded |
Affricate or A. approximation |
Other | Comment | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(mul) | ILA/Interskript | 2016 | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | - | - | ts | dz | tc | dq | ks | ng | |
(mul) | IPA | ~1908 | a | b | ʃ | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | ʒ | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | ə | z | c,q | - | t͡s | d͡z | t͡ʃ | d͡ʒ | ks | ŋ | |
(mul) | IPA | <1900 | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | ? | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | ? | z | ? | - | |||||||
jbo | Lojban | 1997 | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | ' | i | - | k | l | m | n | o | p | j | r | s | t | u | v | - | x | y | z | h,q,w | j,w | ks | ? | y = /ə/ | ||||
rmv | Romanova | a | b | j | d | e | f | g | - | i | (i) | c | l | m | n | o | p | - | r | s | t | u | v | (u) | - | - | - | h,k,q,w,x,y,z | h,(j),(w),x,y,z | ts | tj | ks | ? | ||||
lfn | LFN | 1998 | a | b | x | d | e | f | g | - | i | - | c | l | m | n | o | p | j | r | s | t | u | v | - | - | - | z | k,q,w,y | j,w,x,y | ts | tx | ks | ? | |||
epo | Esperanto | 1887 | a | b | ŝ | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | ĵ | r | s | t | u | v | ŭ | ĥ | - | z | q,w,x,y | y | c | dz | ĉ | ĝ | ks | ng?nk | |
igs | Interglossa | 1943 | a | b | sh | d | e | f | g | h | i,y | j | c,k,ch | l | m | n | o | p | - | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | - | (x) | - | - | ts,z | tsh,c | dq | x,ks | silent letters in several combinations (ct-, gn-, mn-, pn-, ps-, pt-) | ||
nov | Novial | 1928 | a | b | sh, (ch) | d | e | f | g | h | i | y | k,q,(c) | l | m | n | o | p | j | r | (s),(c) | t | u,(w) | v,(w) | (w) | - | - | (s) | w,y | w,x,y,(z) | ts | - | ch, tsh | x | qu = /kw, kv, ku/; w = /w, u, v/ | ||
neu | Neo | ? | a | b | sh | d | e | f | g | h | i | y | k | l | m | n | o | p | - | r | s | t | u | v | w | - | - | z | - | q,x,y | c | - | ch | j | x | q = /kw/ | |
ido | Ido | 1907 | a | b | - | d | e | f | g | h | i | y | k,q | l | m | n | o | p | j | r | s | t | u | v | w | - | - | z | - | c,x,y | c | - | x | x = /ks, ɡz/ | |||
(mis) | Toki Pona | 2001 | a | - | - | - | e | - | - | - | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | - | - | s | t | u | - | w | - | - | - | b,c,d,f,g,h,q,r,v,x,y,z | b,c,d,f,g,h,q,r,v,x,y,z | ts | - | - | - | ks | ||
(mis) | Uropi | 1986 | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | ʒ | r | s | t | u | v | w | - | - | z | q,x,y | x,y | ts | dz | tc | dʒ | ks | ||
(mis) | Pandunia | ? | a | b | x | d | e | f | g | h | i | y | k | l | m | n | o | p | - | r | s | t | u | v | - | - | - | z | q,w,x | j,q,w,x,y | ts | dz | c | j | ks | -ng | |
(mis) | Reformed Esperanto | 1894 | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | - | r | s | t | u | v | - | - | - | - | q,w,x,y | q,w,x,y | z | - | ks | ng/nk |