International Latin Alphabet 2015: Difference between revisions

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### In the ULA-base form all characters except for c = /ʃ/, q = /ç/ and y = /ʒ/ have the value as in IPA.
### In the ULA-base form all characters except for c = /ʃ/, q = /ç/ and y = /ʒ/ have the value as in IPA.


==CJKQXY==
==Unified Latin alphabet sound representation compared==
* [[Unified Latin alphabet sound representation compared]]
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ C, J, K, Q, X, Y in different alphabets
! Alphabet / IPA:
! style="width:60px" | /çjkqxʃʒ/
! style="width:15px" | /ç/
! style="width:15px" | /j/
! style="width:15px" | /k/
! style="width:15px" | /q/
! style="width:15px" | /x/
! style="width:15px" | /ʃ/
! style="width:15px" | /ʒ/
! style="width:15px" | /ts/
! style="width:15px" | /dz/
! style="width:15px" | /tʃ/
! style="width:15px" | /dʒ/
! style="width:15px" | /ʃtʃ/
! Comment
|-
| [[ULA-1994]]     || cjk-xqy || c || j || k || - || x || q || y || ts || dz || tq || dy || qtq
|
|-
| ULA-2015    || qjk-xcy || q || j || k || - || x || c || y || ts || dz || tc || dy || ctc
| better match with languages that need /q/ (compare Turkic variant)
|-
| ULA-turkic  || -jkqxcy || - || j || k || q || x || c || y || ts || dz || tc || dy || ctc
| 
|-
| ULA-uropi-y  || -jk--cy || - || j || k || - || - || c || y ||  ||  || tc || dy || ctc
| 
|-
| English      ||        || - || y || q/c/k || - || kh || sh || zh ||  ||  || ch || j || shch
|
|-
| French      ||        || - || ? || qu/c || - || - || ch || j ||  ||  || ? || ? || ?
|
|-
| Spanish      ||        || - || ? || qu/k/c ||  || j || ? || ? ||  ||  || ch || ? || ?
|
|-
| German      ||        || ch || j || k/ck || - || ch || sch || j/sch ||  ||  || tsch || dsch || schtsch
|
|-
| Interlingua  ||        || - || - || k/c/q || - || - || - || j ||  ||  || - || dj || -
| x=[ks], y=[i]
|-
| Esperanto    ||        || - || j || k || - || hx || sx || jx || c || dz || cx || gx || sxcx
|
|-
| LFN          ||        || - || - || c || - || - || x || j || ts || dz || tx || dj || xtx
|
|-
| Uropi        ||        || - || j || k || - || - || c || ʒ ||  ||  || tc || dʒ || ctc
|
|-
| Slovio      ||        || - || j || k || - || (h) || sx || zx || c || dz || cx || gx || wx
|
|}


==Examples==
==Examples==

Revision as of 2016-02-13T21:56:32

Rules

The Unified Latin Alphabet applies the following rules:

  1. Character inventory
    1. Use only characters from ISO 8859-1.
      1. prefer 65-90, (A-Z) and 97-122 (a-z), i.e. ISO 646
      2. from the others, prefer for vowels those that are present in several other ISO 8859 standards, i.e. characters with acute, grave, circumflex or diaeresis
  2. Sound correspondence. The characters
    1. a, e, i, o, u with or without diacritics are vowels.
    2. j and w are semivowels as in IPA
    3. the rest are consonants
      1. In the ULA-base form all characters except for c = /ʃ/, q = /ç/ and y = /ʒ/ have the value as in IPA.

Unified Latin alphabet sound representation compared

C, J, K, Q, X, Y in different alphabets
Alphabet / IPA: /çjkqxʃʒ/ /ç/ /j/ /k/ /q/ /x/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/ /ts/ /dz/ /tʃ/ /dʒ/ /ʃtʃ/ Comment
ULA-1994 cjk-xqy c j k - x q y ts dz tq dy qtq
ULA-2015 qjk-xcy q j k - x c y ts dz tc dy ctc better match with languages that need /q/ (compare Turkic variant)
ULA-turkic -jkqxcy - j k q x c y ts dz tc dy ctc
ULA-uropi-y -jk--cy - j k - - c y tc dy ctc
English - y q/c/k - kh sh zh ch j shch
French - ? qu/c - - ch j ? ? ?
Spanish - ? qu/k/c j ? ? ch ? ?
German ch j k/ck - ch sch j/sch tsch dsch schtsch
Interlingua - - k/c/q - - - j - dj - x=[ks], y=[i]
Esperanto - j k - hx sx jx c dz cx gx sxcx
LFN - - c - - x j ts dz tx dj xtx
Uropi - j k - - c ʒ tc dʒ ctc
Slovio - j k - (h) sx zx c dz cx gx wx

Examples

Auxlang

See International Auxiliary Language alphabet

Slavic

  • /j/
    • Serbian, Croat, Czech: j, e.g. Jakovo
    • Bulgarian (official Romanization): y, e.g. Yakovo (bulg.: "unnecessary" divergence from IPA)
    • ULA: j
  • /ts/
    • Serbian, Croat, Czech: c, e.g. Gorica
    • Bulgarian (official Romanization): ts, e.g. Goritsa (bulg.: more logical, since t and s exist already)
    • ULA: ts

Turkic

May need review and further work.

IPA /ɑ/ /ɒ/ /æ/ /je/ /e/ /b/ /d͡ʒ/ /t͡ʃ/ /ʒ/ /d/ /d͡z/ /f/ /ɡ/ /ɣ/ /ʕ/ /h/ /ħ/ /x/ /ɯ/ /i/ /k/ /q/ /q/ /ɢ/ /l/ /ɫ/ /m/ /n/ /ɲ/ /ŋ/ /o/ /ø/ /p/ /r/ /s/ /θ/ /ʃ/ /t͡s/ /t/ /u/ /y/ /v/ /w/ /j/ /z/ /ð/
ULA-turk A - !Ä JE E B !DY !TC !Y D DZ F G /ɣ/ - H - X /ɯ/ I K - Q L - M N - !NG O !Ö P R S - !C TS T U !Ü V W J Z -
Uniform A Ă Ä Ë E B C Ç J D Ḑ F G Ğ Ģ H Ḩ X I İ K Ķ Q L Ḽ M N Ņ Ñ O Ö P R S Š Ş Ț T U Ü V W Y Z Ž
Arabic

ا|أ

ع

ء

ء

ا|أ

ب

ج

چ

ژ

د

ڏ

ف

گ

ݝ

غ

ه

ح

خ

إ

إ

ك

ٯ

ق

ل

ڵ

م

ن

ڠ

ڭ

ۆ

ۆ

پ

ر

س

ث

ش

ڞ

ت

ٱ

ٱ

ۋ

و

ي

ز

ذ

Cyrillic А Ӑ Ә Є Е Б Җ Ч Ж Д Ӡ Ф Г Ғ Ӷ Һ Ҳ Х Ы И К Қ Ҡ Л Љ М Н Њ Ң О Ө П Р С Ҫ Ш Ц Т У Ү В Ў Й З Ҙ
Turkish A - - - E B C Ç J D - F G Ğ - H - - I İ K - - L - M N - - O Ö P R S - Ş - T U Ü V - Y Z -
Tatar A - Ä - E B C Ç J D - F G Ğ - H - X I İ K - Q L - M N - Ñ O Ö P R S - Ş - T U Ü V W Y Z -
Azeri A - Ə - E B C Ç J D - F G Ğ - H - X I İ K - Q L - M N - - O Ö P R S - Ş - T U Ü V - Y Z -
Turkmen A - Ä - E B J Ç Ž D - F G - - H - - Y I K - - L - M N - Ň O Ö P R - S Ş - T U Ü W - Ý - Z
Kazakh A - Ä E É B - Ç J D - F G Ğ - H - X I İ K - Q L - M N - Ñ O Ö P R S - Ş C T U Ü V W Y Z -
Uzbek A O A - E B - CH J D - F G Gʻ - H - X - I K - Q L - M N - NG Oʻ Oʻ P R S - SH - T U - V - Y Z -
Uyghur A - E - Ë B J CH ZH D - F G GH - H - X - I K - Q L - M N - NG O Ö P R S - SH - T U Ü V - Y Z -
Bashkir A - Ә - E B - Ç J D - F G Ğ - H - X I İ K - Q L - M N - Ñ O Ö P R S C Ş - T U Ü V W Y Z Ź
Kumyk A - - - E B C Ç J D - F G Ğ - H - X I İ K - Q L - M N - Ñ O Ö P R S - Ş - T U Ü V W Y Z -
Gagauz A - Ä - E B C Ç J D - F G - - H - - I İ K - - L - M N - - O Ö P R S - Ş Ț T U Ü V - Y Z -
Karachay-Balkar A - Ä - E B C Ç J D - F G Ğ - H - - I İ K Ķ Q L - M N - Ñ O Ö P R S - Ş - T U Ü V W Y Z -
Crimean Tatar A - - - E B C Ç J D - F G Ğ - H - - I İ K - Q L - M N - Ñ O Ö P R S - Ş - T U Ü V - Y Z -
Salar A - - - E B C Ç J D - F G Ğ - H - X I İ K - Q L - M N - Ñ O Ö P R S - Ş - T U Ü V - Y Z -
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