International Latin Alphabet 2015: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 2016-02-14T17:21:46

The Unified Latin Alphabet applies the following rules:

Character inventory
1. Use only characters from ISO 8859-1.
  1. prefer 65-90, (A-Z) and 97-122 (a-z), i.e. ISO 646
  2. from the others, prefer for vowels those that are present in several other ISO 8859 standards, i.e. characters with acute, grave, circumflex or diaeresis
Character - sound correspondence
1. a, e, i, o, u with or without diacritics represent vowels.
2. j and w represent semivowels as in IPA
3. the rest represent consonants
  1. In the ULA-base form all characters except for c = /ʃ/, q = /ç/ and y = /ʒ/ have the value as in IPA.

C, J, K, Q, X, Y in different alphabets
Alphabet	/çjkqxʃʒ/	/ç/	/j/	/k/	/q/	/x/	/ʃ/	/ʒ/	/ts/	/dz/	/tʃ/	/dʒ/	/ʃtʃ/	Comment
IPA		ç	j	k	q	x	ʃ	ʒ	ts	dz	tʃ	dʒ	ʃtʃ
ULA-1994	cjk-xqy	c	j	k	-	x	q	y	ts	dz	tq	dy	qtq	differences to IPA minimized, c is graphically close to ç. Only larger difference is in /ʃ/ and /ʒ/.
ULA-2015	qjk-xcy	q	j	k	-	x	c	y	ts	dz	tc	dy	ctc	better match with languages that need /q/ (compare Turkic variant)
ULA-2016 ?	cjkq-xy	c	j	k	q	-	x	y	ts	dz	tx	dy	xtx
ULA-turkic	-jkqxcy	-	j	k	q	x	c	y	ts	dz	tc	dy	ctc
ULA-uropi-y	-jk--cy	-	j	k	-	-	c	y			tc	dy	ctc
English		-	y	q/c/k	-	kh	sh	zh			ch	j	shch
French		-	?	qu/c/k	-	-	ch	j			?	?	?
Spanish		-	?	qu/k/c		j	?	?			ch	?	?
German		ch	j	k/ck	-	ch	sch	j/sch			tsch	dsch	schtsch
Indonesian (EYD)		-	y	k	-	kh	?	?	?	?	c	j	?	ny=/ɲ/
Interlingua		-	-	k/c/q	-	-	-	j			-	dj	-	x=/ks/, y=/i/
Esperanto		-	j	k	-	hx	sx	jx	c	dz	cx	gx	sxcx
LFN		-	-	c	-	-	x	j	ts	dz	tx	dj	xtx
Uropi		-	j	k	-	-	c	ʒ			tc	dʒ	ctc
Slovio		-	j	k	-	(h)	sx	zx	c	dz	cx	gx	wx
Ido		-	y	k/q	-	-	-	j	c					x = /ks/, /ɡz/

/j/
- Serbian, Croat, Czech: j, e.g. Jakovo
- Bulgarian (official Romanization): y, e.g. Yakovo (bulg.: "unnecessary" divergence from IPA)
- ULA: j
/ts/
- Serbian, Croat, Czech: c, e.g. Gorica
- Bulgarian (official Romanization): ts, e.g. Goritsa (bulg.: more logical, since t and s exist already)
- ULA: ts

May need review and further work.

@@ Line 14: / Line 14: @@
 {| class="wikitable sortable"
 |+ C, J, K, Q, X, Y in different alphabets
-! Alphabet / IPA:
+! Alphabet
 ! style="width:60px" | /çjkqxʃʒ/
 ! style="width:15px" | /ç/
@@ Line 29: / Line 29: @@
 ! style="width:15px" | /ʃtʃ/
 ! Comment
+|-
+| IPA          ||         || ç || j || k || q || x || ʃ || ʒ || ts || dz || tʃ || dʒ || ʃtʃ
+|
 |-
 | [[ULA-1994]] || cjk-xqy || c || j || k || - || x || q || y || ts || dz || tq || dy || qtq
-|
+| differences to IPA minimized, c is graphically close to ç. Only larger difference is in /ʃ/ and /ʒ/.
 |-
 | ULA-2015     || qjk-xcy || q || j || k || - || x || c || y || ts || dz || tc || dy || ctc
 | better match with languages that need /q/ (compare Turkic variant)
+|-
+| ULA-2016 ?   || cjkq-xy || c || j || k || q || - || x || y || ts || dz || tx || dy || xtx
+|
 |-
 | ULA-turkic   || -jkqxcy || - || j || k || q || x || c || y || ts || dz || tc || dy || ctc
@@ Line 53: / Line 59: @@
 | German       ||         || ch || j || k/ck || - || ch || sch || j/sch ||  ||  || tsch || dsch || schtsch
 |
+|-
+| Indonesian (EYD) ||         || - || y || k || - || kh || ? || ? || ? || ? || c || j || ?
+| ny=/ɲ/
 |-
 | Interlingua  ||         || - || - || k/c/q || - || - || - || j ||  ||  || - || dj || -
-| x=[ks], y=[i]
+| x=/ks/, y=/i/
 |-
 | Esperanto    ||         || - || j || k || - || hx || sx || jx || c || dz || cx || gx || sxcx