International Latin Alphabet 2015: Difference between revisions

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==Rules==
==Rules==
The Unified Latin Alphabet applies the following rules:
The International Latin Alphabet applies the following rules:
# Character inventory
# Character inventory
## Use only characters from ISO 8859-1.
## Use only characters from ISO 8859-1.
### prefer 65-90, (A-Z) and 97-122 (a-z), i.e. [[ISO 646]]
### prefer 65-90, (A-Z) and 97-122 (a-z), i.e. [[ISO 646]]
### from the others, prefer for vowels those that are present in several other ISO 8859 standards, i.e. characters with acute, grave, circumflex or diaeresis
### from the others, prefer for vowels those that are present in several other ISO 8859 standards, i.e. characters with acute, grave, circumflex or diaeresis
# Sound correspondence. The characters
# Character - sound correspondence
## a, e, i, o, u with or without diacritics are vowels.
## a, e, i, o, u with or without diacritics represent vowels.
## j and w are semivowels as in IPA
## j and w represent semivowels as in IPA
## the rest are consonants
## the rest represent consonants
### In the ULA-base form all characters except for c = /ʃ/, q = /ç/ and y = /ʒ/ have the value as in IPA.
### In the ILA-base form all characters except for c = /ʃ/, q = /ç/ and y = /ʒ/ have the value as in IPA.


==Unified Latin alphabet sound representation compared==
==International Latin Alphabet sound representation compared==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
See [[Latin script letter to sound correspondence]].
|+ C, J, K, Q, X, Y in different alphabets
! Alphabet / IPA:
! style="width:60px" | /çjkqxʃʒ/
! style="width:15px" | /ç/
! style="width:15px" | /j/
! style="width:15px" | /k/
! style="width:15px" | /q/
! style="width:15px" | /x/
! style="width:15px" | /ʃ/
! style="width:15px" | /ʒ/
! style="width:15px" | /ts/
! style="width:15px" | /dz/
! style="width:15px" | /tʃ/
! style="width:15px" | /dʒ/
! style="width:15px" | /ʃtʃ/
! Comment
|-
| [[ULA-1994]]    || cjk-xqy || c || j || k || - || x || q || y || ts || dz || tq || dy || qtq
|
|-
| ULA-2015    || qjk-xcy || q || j || k || - || x || c || y || ts || dz || tc || dy || ctc
| better match with languages that need /q/ (compare Turkic variant)
|-
| ULA-turkic  || -jkqxcy || - || j || k || q || x || c || y || ts || dz || tc || dy || ctc
| 
|-
| ULA-uropi-y  || -jk--cy || - || j || k || - || - || c || y ||  ||  || tc || dy || ctc
| 
|-
| English      ||        || - || y || q/c/k || - || kh || sh || zh ||  ||  || ch || j || shch
|
|-
| French      ||        || - || ? || qu/c || - || - || ch || j ||  ||  || ? || ? || ?
|
|-
| Spanish      ||        || - || ? || qu/k/c ||  || j || ? || ? ||  ||  || ch || ? || ?
|
|-
| German      ||        || ch || j || k/ck || - || ch || sch || j/sch ||  ||  || tsch || dsch || schtsch
|
|-
| Interlingua  ||        || - || - || k/c/q || - || - || - || j ||  ||  || - || dj || -
| x=[ks], y=[i]
|-
| Esperanto    ||        || - || j || k || - || hx || sx || jx || c || dz || cx || gx || sxcx
|
|-
| LFN          ||        || - || - || c || - || - || x || j || ts || dz || tx || dj || xtx
|
|-
| Uropi        ||        || - || j || k || - || - || c || ʒ ||  ||  || tc || dʒ || ctc
|
|-
| Slovio      ||        || - || j || k || - || (h) || sx || zx || c || dz || cx || gx || wx
|
|}


==Examples==
==Examples==
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**Serbian, Croat, Czech: j, e.g. Jakovo
**Serbian, Croat, Czech: j, e.g. Jakovo
**Bulgarian (official Romanization): y, e.g. Yakovo (bulg.: "unnecessary" divergence from IPA)
**Bulgarian (official Romanization): y, e.g. Yakovo (bulg.: "unnecessary" divergence from IPA)
**ULA: j
**ILA: j
*/ts/
*/ts/
**Serbian, Croat, Czech: c, e.g. Gorica
**Serbian, Croat, Czech: c, e.g. Gorica
**Bulgarian (official Romanization): ts, e.g. Goritsa (bulg.: more logical, since t and s exist already)
**Bulgarian (official Romanization): ts, e.g. Goritsa (bulg.: more logical, since t and s exist already)
** ULA: ts
** ILA: ts


===Turkic===
===Turkic===
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| /ɑ/ || /ɒ/ || /æ/ || /je/ || /e/ || /b/ || /d͡ʒ/ || /t͡ʃ/ || /ʒ/ || /d/ || /d͡z/ || /f/ || /ɡ/ || /ɣ/ || /ʕ/ || /h/ || /ħ/ || /x/ || /ɯ/ || /i/ || /k/ || /q/ || /q/ /ɢ/ || /l/ || /ɫ/ || /m/ || /n/ || /ɲ/ || /ŋ/ || /o/ || /ø/ || /p/ || /r/ || /s/ || /θ/ || /ʃ/ || /t͡s/ || /t/ || /u/ || /y/ || /v/ || /w/ || /j/ || /z/ || /ð/
| /ɑ/ || /ɒ/ || /æ/ || /je/ || /e/ || /b/ || /d͡ʒ/ || /t͡ʃ/ || /ʒ/ || /d/ || /d͡z/ || /f/ || /ɡ/ || /ɣ/ || /ʕ/ || /h/ || /ħ/ || /x/ || /ɯ/ || /i/ || /k/ || /q/ || /q/ /ɢ/ || /l/ || /ɫ/ || /m/ || /n/ || /ɲ/ || /ŋ/ || /o/ || /ø/ || /p/ || /r/ || /s/ || /θ/ || /ʃ/ || /t͡s/ || /t/ || /u/ || /y/ || /v/ || /w/ || /j/ || /z/ || /ð/
|-
|-
! ULA-turk
! ILA-turk
| A || - || !Ä || JE || E || B || !DY || !TC || !Y || D || DZ || F || G || /ɣ/ || - || H || - || X || /ɯ/ || I || K || - || Q || L || - || M || N || - || !NG || O || !Ö || P || R || S || - || !C || TS || T || U || !Ü || V || W || J || Z || -
| A || - || !Ä || JE || E || B || !DY || !TC || !Y || D || DZ || F || G || /ɣ/ || - || H || - || X || /ɯ/ || I || K || - || Q || L || - || M || N || - || !NG || O || !Ö || P || R || S || - || !C || TS || T || U || !Ü || V || W || J || Z || -
|-
|-

Latest revision as of 2017-07-09T11:21:37

Rules

The International Latin Alphabet applies the following rules:

  1. Character inventory
    1. Use only characters from ISO 8859-1.
      1. prefer 65-90, (A-Z) and 97-122 (a-z), i.e. ISO 646
      2. from the others, prefer for vowels those that are present in several other ISO 8859 standards, i.e. characters with acute, grave, circumflex or diaeresis
  2. Character - sound correspondence
    1. a, e, i, o, u with or without diacritics represent vowels.
    2. j and w represent semivowels as in IPA
    3. the rest represent consonants
      1. In the ILA-base form all characters except for c = /ʃ/, q = /ç/ and y = /ʒ/ have the value as in IPA.

International Latin Alphabet sound representation compared

See Latin script letter to sound correspondence.

Examples

Auxlang

See International Auxiliary Language alphabet

Slavic

  • /j/
    • Serbian, Croat, Czech: j, e.g. Jakovo
    • Bulgarian (official Romanization): y, e.g. Yakovo (bulg.: "unnecessary" divergence from IPA)
    • ILA: j
  • /ts/
    • Serbian, Croat, Czech: c, e.g. Gorica
    • Bulgarian (official Romanization): ts, e.g. Goritsa (bulg.: more logical, since t and s exist already)
    • ILA: ts

Turkic

May need review and further work.

IPA /ɑ/ /ɒ/ /æ/ /je/ /e/ /b/ /d͡ʒ/ /t͡ʃ/ /ʒ/ /d/ /d͡z/ /f/ /ɡ/ /ɣ/ /ʕ/ /h/ /ħ/ /x/ /ɯ/ /i/ /k/ /q/ /q/ /ɢ/ /l/ /ɫ/ /m/ /n/ /ɲ/ /ŋ/ /o/ /ø/ /p/ /r/ /s/ /θ/ /ʃ/ /t͡s/ /t/ /u/ /y/ /v/ /w/ /j/ /z/ /ð/
ILA-turk A - !Ä JE E B !DY !TC !Y D DZ F G /ɣ/ - H - X /ɯ/ I K - Q L - M N - !NG O !Ö P R S - !C TS T U !Ü V W J Z -
Uniform A Ă Ä Ë E B C Ç J D Ḑ F G Ğ Ģ H Ḩ X I İ K Ķ Q L Ḽ M N Ņ Ñ O Ö P R S Š Ş Ț T U Ü V W Y Z Ž
Arabic

ا|أ

ع

ء

ء

ا|أ

ب

ج

چ

ژ

د

ڏ

ف

گ

ݝ

غ

ه

ح

خ

إ

إ

ك

ٯ

ق

ل

ڵ

م

ن

ڠ

ڭ

ۆ

ۆ

پ

ر

س

ث

ش

ڞ

ت

ٱ

ٱ

ۋ

و

ي

ز

ذ

Cyrillic А Ӑ Ә Є Е Б Җ Ч Ж Д Ӡ Ф Г Ғ Ӷ Һ Ҳ Х Ы И К Қ Ҡ Л Љ М Н Њ Ң О Ө П Р С Ҫ Ш Ц Т У Ү В Ў Й З Ҙ
Turkish A - - - E B C Ç J D - F G Ğ - H - - I İ K - - L - M N - - O Ö P R S - Ş - T U Ü V - Y Z -
Tatar A - Ä - E B C Ç J D - F G Ğ - H - X I İ K - Q L - M N - Ñ O Ö P R S - Ş - T U Ü V W Y Z -
Azeri A - Ə - E B C Ç J D - F G Ğ - H - X I İ K - Q L - M N - - O Ö P R S - Ş - T U Ü V - Y Z -
Turkmen A - Ä - E B J Ç Ž D - F G - - H - - Y I K - - L - M N - Ň O Ö P R - S Ş - T U Ü W - Ý - Z
Kazakh A - Ä E É B - Ç J D - F G Ğ - H - X I İ K - Q L - M N - Ñ O Ö P R S - Ş C T U Ü V W Y Z -
Uzbek A O A - E B - CH J D - F G Gʻ - H - X - I K - Q L - M N - NG Oʻ Oʻ P R S - SH - T U - V - Y Z -
Uyghur A - E - Ë B J CH ZH D - F G GH - H - X - I K - Q L - M N - NG O Ö P R S - SH - T U Ü V - Y Z -
Bashkir A - Ә - E B - Ç J D - F G Ğ - H - X I İ K - Q L - M N - Ñ O Ö P R S C Ş - T U Ü V W Y Z Ź
Kumyk A - - - E B C Ç J D - F G Ğ - H - X I İ K - Q L - M N - Ñ O Ö P R S - Ş - T U Ü V W Y Z -
Gagauz A - Ä - E B C Ç J D - F G - - H - - I İ K - - L - M N - - O Ö P R S - Ş Ț T U Ü V - Y Z -
Karachay-Balkar A - Ä - E B C Ç J D - F G Ğ - H - - I İ K Ķ Q L - M N - Ñ O Ö P R S - Ş - T U Ü V W Y Z -
Crimean Tatar A - - - E B C Ç J D - F G Ğ - H - - I İ K - Q L - M N - Ñ O Ö P R S - Ş - T U Ü V - Y Z -
Salar A - - - E B C Ç J D - F G Ğ - H - X I İ K - Q L - M N - Ñ O Ö P R S - Ş - T U Ü V - Y Z -
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